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Q
I am caring for my elderly mother, who is diagnosed with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. At this time, she is undergoing physical therapy for muscle tension, together with drugs. Because of depression, she takes 10 mg of Paxil at night, she takes lorcet (actually generic Hydrocodone/APAP) at night to relieve leg pain and cramping, also a 325 mg capsule of quinine sulfate, together with 25 mg of Sinemet. In the morning, she takes 25 mg of Sinemet, 1 Skelaxin tab, and 1/2 of a 5mg Methylphenidate (generic of ritalin) tablet. At lunch she gets a 3rd 25 mg of Sinemet. Together with all of this, she also takes over the counter Legatrin, acetaminophen, and/or ibuprophen for the constant leg pains (cramping and tense muscles) as well as rubbing them with ointments such as BenGay, or the store brands of heating rubs. For a while I was also getting her to take a selection of about 9 vitamin and mineral supplements (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and zinc, and about 6 vitamin pills) For the last two weeks, I have discontinued the vitamin supplements, and notice that she does not seem quite as alert as with them, nor does she walk so well. At almost every meal she chokes, and her eyesight is troublesome (we have been to eye doctors at least 8 times within the last two years for glasses changes, and she still complains that she "can't see"). We have about 3-5 falls per day regularly, and I am terribly concerned about her falling and breaking bones. We have had two cuts to the head, many scrapes and skins of the arms, but she does heal fairly well. Is there any hope? Is there any danger of interactions between these drugs? Thank you for considering these concerns.
A
... sorry to learn of your mother's problems ... First off, get in touch with:- The Society for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Inc.,
Johns Hopkins Hospital,
5065 Outpatient Center,
601 N. Caroline Street,
Baltimore,
Maryland 21287.
They can be reached at 1-800-475-4777.
There is a small newsletter sent out to members about every quarter with resource information and discussion of medical conferences.
Now for your mother's drugs, divided into those used to try and ameliorate the central condition, and those used to try and make things more tolerable.
1. Sinemet (actually a combination of two drugs) is used in both Parkinson's disease and PSP ... the dose used here is the usual starting dose and may be increased gradually and cautiously according to the patient's tolerance. In both Parkinson's and PSP, the effectiveness of Sinemet has sometimes been augmented by adding the anti-viral drug, amantidine. None of the other drugs you mention will interact with Sinemet.
2. Skelaxin ( metaxalone) is a drug very similar to Valium ... it is used as a muscle relaxant although there is controversy about its effectiveness ... some believe that whatever effect it has is due to general depression of the central nervous system ... one of my texts claims that this, and other such agents, are not useful in the treatment of spasticity associated with chronic neurological disease. The usual single dose is two, 400mg., tablets.
Methylphenidate is an amphetamine-like, mild central nervous system stimulant producing psychomotor stimulation - alertness, feeling of well-being. The usual adult dosage is 10mg twice or thrice daily. Its action as a CNS stimulant will likely be impaired by the CNS depressant action of Skelaxin.
Paxil (paroxetine) is one of the newer antidepressant serotonin reuptake inhibitors - you may be more familiar with the name of the first one used, Prozac. The initial dose in the elderly and debilitated is 10 mg. per day - this may be increased if indicated. There are a wide variety of side-effects; in world-wide clinical trials, twenty one percent of over 4,000 treated patients had to discontinue the treatment due to an adverse effect. Its effectiveness has been cofirmed for periods of up to one year; if used for extended periods, the physician should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
Hydrocodone (Lorcet when combined with other analgesics/antipyretics - check which one your preparation has) is a mild narcotic used to control pain and cough ... it lies about half-way between codeine and morphine in efficacy ... older patients respond somewhat better and longer ... the usual dose is 5 - 10 mg. given every 4 - 5 hours for the continuous control of pain. You should determine which analgesic is combined in the preparation, since it may be identical to whatever O.T.C. analgesic your mother is using, with potential for inadvertent overdosage.
Quinine at this dosage has been used for a long time with some success in relieving cramping of the leg muscles.
I can't comment on your mother's prognosis since I'm not a physician, but if you have any other queries about her drug treatment, please call me again.
Best wishes to you and your mother.